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Many people who have developed cavities are unaware of the concern until it produces pain in the mouth. Regular dental exams and professional cleaning are important for early detection and possible reversal of cavity formation. Early signs of decay are small white inclusions on the teeth which indicate that the area of enamel has stopped remineralizing. Eventually, the lesion will erode into a cavity formation. Before this occurs, however, a cavity may be reversible. A small stain with a shiny presentation indicates a reversal of a cavity. Once decay progresses beyond the coating of enamel, it can move through the dentin in the tooth, eventually infecting the pulp of the tooth. This can produce a pained response in the cavity sufferer and can result in death of the tooth. Dental cavities that progress to the point of tooth death require root canal therapy or removal to treat. Treating your dental cavities in a timely fashion is the best way to protect your systemic health, as infections can move beyond the teeth into bone tissue or into the blood stream in severe cases.

Some circumstances increase the risk of dental cavities including diabetes, smoking and some oral medications (antidepressants and antihistamines) which can decrease the amount of the saliva in the mouth. Patients with periodontal disease are more likely to experience decay toward the root of the teeth, as bacteria causes gums to inflate and recede. Tooth roots do not enjoy the same natural protection as the crown of the tooth which is covered with enamel. As a result, root decay can progress up to 2.5 times faster than cavities on the upper tooth.

If your dentist determines that you do, in fact, have a cavity you will be scheduled for a filling. The process of getting a filling begins with a local anesthetic to numb the nerves of the tooth in preparation for the procedure. Once the nerve is numb, your dentist will begin using a dental drill to remove the affected tissues from the area of the tooth experiencing decay. Once the decay and bacteria has been removed, your dentist will use a filling compound to replace the part of the tooth that has been impacted by decay. Once the filling is hardened, your tooth will be cleaned and rinsed, and you will be discharged with instructions to be mindful of eating and drinking before soft tissues in the mouth get their sensation back.